Mazda began as the Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd, founded in Japan in 1920. Toyo Cork Kogyo renamed itself to Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. in 1927. Toyo Kogyo moved from manufacturing machine tools to vehicles, with the introduction of the Mazda-Go in 1931. Toyo Kogyo produced weapons for the Japanese military throughout the Second World War, most notably the series 30 through 35 Type 99 rifle. The company formally adopted the Mazda name in 1984, though every automobile sold from the beginning bore that name. The Mazda R360 was introduced in 1960, followed by the Mazda Carol in 1962.
Financial difficulties at Mazda during the 1990s (partly caused by losses related to the 1997 Asian financial crisis) caused Ford to increase its stake to a 33.9-percent controlling interest on 31 March 1999.In 1997, Henry Wallace was appointed President, and he set about restructuring Mazda and setting it on a new strategic direction. Much of his early work put Mazda back into profitability and laid the foundations for future success. Ford executive Mark Fields, who took over as Mazda's CEO later, has been credited with Mazda's turnaround during the early 2000s. Ford's increased influence during the 1990s allowed Mazda to claim another distinction in history, having maintained the first foreign-born head of a Japanese car company (starting under [[Henry Wallace (Scottish). The marque has since returned to a Japanese-born CEO, under Hisakazu Imaki since 2003.
Since 1999, Ford's deeper involvement in Mazda's operations has meant an increasing level of cooperation in engineering and marketing as well. The two firms now share engine designs from around the world (Ford uses Mazda's four-cylinder designs in large numbers, while Mazda has replaced its own V6 engine lines with designs from Ford) and have made several combined efforts in platform engineering. Their first major platform cooperation of this type began with the Ford Escape and Mazda Tribute models, which were effectively a global design that has since been sold in many parts of the world. The most recent Ford Focus also shares a platform with both the Mazda Axela and the Volvo S40.
Mazda has also conducted research in hydrogen-powered vehicles for several decades. As a major step in this effort, the company plans to release a hydrogen-fueled hybrid car in 2008, the Premacy Hydrogen RE compact minivan. The prototype has so far proven capable of traveling up to 200 kilometers (120 miles).
| Series | Engine | Transmission | Style | Model | MRRP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mazda 2 |
Inline 1.5 Litre |
Automatic 4 Speed Or manual 5 Speed |
Hatch Back | 2 | $16,030 to $22,885 |
Mazda 3 |
Inline 2.0 to 2.5 Litre |
Automatic 5 Speed Or manual 5 Speed Or manual 6 Speed |
Hatch Back Or sedan |
3 | $21,330 to $41,915 |
Mazda 6 |
Inline 2.2 to 2.5 Litre |
Automatic 5 Speed Or manual 6 Speed |
Hatch Back Or sedan Or wagon |
6 | $28,245 to $44,005 |
Mazda Cx-7 |
Inline 2.2 to 2.5 Litre |
Automatic 5 Speed Or automatic 6 Speed Or manual 6 Speed |
Suv | Cx-7 | $33,990 to $45,990 |
Mazda Mx-5 |
Inline 2 Litre |
Automatic 6 Speed Or manual 6 Speed |
2d Coupe | Mx-5 | $44,265 to $51,930 |
Mazda Cx-9 |
Vee 3.7 Litre |
Automatic 6 Speed | Suv | Cx-9 | $49,990 to $63,186 |
Mazda Rx-8 |
Rotary 1.3 Litre |
Automatic 6 Speed Or manual 6 Speed |
4d Coupe | Rx-8 | $55,715 to $57,778 |